Virtual Young Scholars (VirtYS)
Program Goal: In the spirit of the GLO Mission, the goal of the GLO Virtual Young Scholars Program (GLO VirtYS) is to contribute to the development of the future generation of researchers, who are committed to the creation of policy-relevant research, are well equipped to work in collaboration with policy makers and other stakeholders, and adhere to the highest standards of academic integrity. This goal is achieved through the process of working on a specific research paper within the duration of the program, which is 9 months, and interact with the GLO VirtYS cohort and its advisors .
GLO VirtYS Program Director:
- Dr Olena Nizalova, Associate Professor (Senior Lecturer) in Health Economics at the University of Kent
Olena Nizalova
Dr Olena Nizalova is an Associate Professor (Senior Lecturer) in Health Economics at the University of Kent. She received her doctoral degree at Michigan State University (USA) in 2006, and prior to joining the University of Kent worked at the Kyiv School of Economics. Olena’s research interests are in the fields of labor and health economics, economics of aging, and policy evaluation. Her research focuses on the interplay between labour market, health and family obligations, be it the provision of informal care to elderly parents in the USA and Europe or the wage penalty for motherhood (Ukraine), or the impact of labor market outcomes on health and wellbeing. Her research has been supported by the European Commission, Wellcome Trust, MRC, UKAid, ESRC, World Bank, European Commission Horizon 2020 programme, Global Development Network, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, ERSTE Foundation (Austria), and Weiser Center for Emerging Democracies (University of Michigan). Currently, Dr Nizalova’s studies the population health crisis in the countries of the former Soviet Union, with special emphasis on tuberculosis (impact of TB epidemic on individual and firms’ productivity), maternal and infant health (evaluation of the maternal and infant health interventions), and cardio-vascular diseases.
GLO VirtYS Program Assistant: Yannis Galanakis
GLO VirtYS Terms & Conditions
Program’s
Advisory Board:
- Jan van Ours, Professor of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics Rotterdam, Netherlands, & Professorial Fellow, University of Melbourne, Australia
- Marie Claire Villeval, Research Professor, CNRS GATE, France
- Marco Vivarelli, Professor at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Milano and Director of the Department of Economic Policy
- Le Wang, Chong K. Liew Chair and Professor & President’s Associates Presidential Professor, University of Oklahoma, USA
- Klaus F. Zimmermann, Professor Emeritus, Bonn University, UNU-MERIT & President of GLO
Jan van OursMarie Claire VillevalMarco VivarelliLe WangKlaus F. Zimmermann
Program’s
Activities:
- Virtual kick-off meeting of all the participants and Thematic Cluster advisors, who will be appointed by the participating Cluster leads to match closely participants’ research interests.
- One-to-one activities with the Thematic Cluster Advisor will be agreed upon at the beginning of the scholarship period in an Individual Research Plan. These activities at a minimum shall include 2-3 virtual consultations, 1 review round of the completed research work and a discussion of the amendments (if needed) to follow up.
- Provide a virtual platform for the GLO VirtYS program participants to present their findings and receive feedback from their peers and the GLO wider community.
- The scholarship will conclude in June 2023 followed by the presentations by the scholars within the GLO-wide seminar series in September 2023, after which the GLO Management Board will make a decision on whether to extend an invitation to the graduate of the GLO Virtual Scholar Program to join the organization as a GLO Fellow, based on the recommendation from their Thematic Cluster Advisors and evaluation of the GLO VirtYS Advisory Board.
Benefits
to the GLO VYSP Scholars:
- No fees: Participation is free for the scholars.
- All GLO VirtYS program participants will be appointed GLO Affiliates, if they are not already, and receive a GLO Bio page.
- GLO VirtYS program participants will be listed with pictures on the glabor.org website of the program.
- Feedback on their research from leading researchers in the area of their interest.
- Networking opportunities with researchers from other countries within the same area and beyond.
- (Priority) access to GLO activities.
- Interactions with the scholars of the cohort, program’s alumni, and the future cohorts.
- Opportunity to promote own research via GLO channels.
- Completed research paper ready for submission to the GLO Discussion Paper series.
- Possibility of promotion to GLO Fellow after exceptional performance.
Eligibility
criteria:
- Applicant must be either currently enrolled in a doctoral program or be within 2 years after graduation as evidenced by the letter from the degree awarding institution or a degree certificate.
- Applicant must be at an advanced stage of the analysis of a specific research question within the corresponding GLO Thematic Cluster to which he/she is applying as evidenced by the submitted draft.
- Applicant must be supported by a letter of endorsement from either one of the GLO Fellows or from the administration of one of the GLO supporting institutions.
2022-23 GLO Virtual Young Scholars Program (GLO VirtYS)
- 2022-23 GLO VirtYS Cohort: Leena Bhattacharya, Robina Kouser and Pragati Pragati. GLO advisors are Victoria Vernon, Suresh Babu and Sudipta Sarangi.
- CALL FOR APPLICATIONS with LINK to application form
2021-22 GLO Virtual Young Scholars Program (GLO VirtYS)
- September 22, 2022. Final Research Workshop.
- 2021-22 GLO VirtYS Cohort: Zubaria Andlib, Shweta Bahl, Karla Cordova, María Celeste Gómez, Liwen Guo and Subhasree Sarkar. GLO advisors are Sergio Scicchitano, Eva Sierminska, Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Maria Enrica Virgillito, Xi Chen, and Elena Meschi, respectively.
- GLO News about the CALL FOR APPLICATIONS (deadline EXTENDED to September 24, 2021; deadline passed)
- CALL FOR APPLICATIONS with LINK to application form
2020-21 GLO Virtual Young Scholars Program (GLO VirtYS)
- Third Webinar (seminar on September 30, 2021 with presentations by Jie Chen and Muchin Bazan Ruiz). Report of the event. Watch the videos of the event: Chen and Ruiz.
- Second Webinar (seminar on September 16, 2021 with presentations by Odmaa Narantungalag and Soumya Pal). Watch the video of the event: Soumya Pal.
- First Webinar (seminar on September 9, 2021 with presentations by Jun Hyung Kim and Femke Cnossen). Report of the event. Watch the videos of the event: Kim and Cnossen.
- 2020-21 GLO VirtYS Cohort: Jie Chen, Femke Cnossen, Jun Hyung Kim, Odmaa Narantungalag, Soumya Pal and Muchin Bazan Ruiz
- GLO News about the CALL FOR APPLICATIONS (deadline passed)
- CALL FOR APPLICATIONS
2019-20 GLO Virtual Young
Scholars Program (GLO VirtYS)
- Third Webinar (seminar on October 15, 2020 with presentations by Zhiling Wang & Ömer Tuğsal Doruk). Watch the video of the event.
- Second Webinar (seminar on September 17, 2020 with presentations by Satyendra Kumar Gupta & Kelly Hyde).
Report of the event. Watch the video of the event. - First Webinar (seminar on September 10, 2020 with presentations by Yannis Galanakis & Samuel Mann). Report of the event. Watch the video of the event.
- 2019-20 GLO VirtYS Cohort (see the listed participants and their advisors; public announcement was on December 23, 2019)
- CALL FOR APPLICATIONS (deadline passed)
Ends;
First Webinar of the GLO Virtual Young Scholar (GLO-VirtYS) Program for Cohort 2021 on September 9, 2021
Presentations in this series are based on the projects that GLO-VirtYS program scholars complete as part of the their program participation. See for the VirtYs program and the cohort 2021.
Mark your calendar. Registration details will be announced in time.
Jun Hyung Kim, Jinan University and GLO Affiliate
Mental Health Consequences of Working from Home during the Pandemic
(GLO VirtYS program advisor Professor Jan van Ours)
Femke Cnossen, University of Groningen and GLO Affiliate
Learning the Right Skill: Revealed Local Labour Demand for Underlying Skills in STEM and Non-STEM Graduates
(GLO VirtYS program advisors Dr Matloob Piracha and Dr Guy Tchuente)
Chaired by GLO VirtYS Program Director Olena Nizalova.
Jun Hyung Kim is an assistant professor of economics at the Institute of Economic and Social Research at Jinan University. His research is focused on parenting and child development, with particular attention on how life cycle decisions of parents interact with parenting decisions. He received B.A. in economics at UC Berkeley and PhD in economic at the University of Chicago.
GLO VirtYS project: Mental Health Consequences of Working from Home during the Pandemic
This paper examines the effects of working from home on mental health, using unique real time survey data from South Korea collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that working from home negatively affects the mental health of workers in the first half of 2020. Furthermore, we find substantial heterogeneity across gender and home environment. The negative impact of working from home is concentrated on women, and on those who are primarily responsible for housework while also maintaining market work.
Surprisingly, workers who live with children in the household do not suffer from the negative effects of working from home. Our findings suggest that family-work interaction may be an important factor in the optimal design of working from home.
Femke Cnossen is a PhD student at the University of Groningen. Her PhD focuses on the micro-dynamics of technological change and labour markets, by linking survey data to registerdata. She studies skill demand, (routine) task prices, and on the impact of technological progress on meaningfulness of work. From september, she is a postdoctoral researcher in regional skill analysis at the Faculty of Spatial Sciences at the University of Groningen.
GLO VirtYS project: Learning the Right Skill: Revealed Local Labour Demand for Underlying Skills in STEM and Non-STEM Graduates
Technological change and globalization have sparked debates on the changing demand for skills in western labour markets, especially for middle skilled workers who have seen their tasks replaced.
This paper provides a new data set, which is based on text data from curricula of the entire Dutch vocational education system. We extract verbs and nouns to measure social, technical and basic skills in a novel way. This method allows us to uncover the skills middle-skilled students learn in school. Using this data, we show that skill returns vary across students specialized in STEM, services or health. Furthermore, we show that social and technical skills differentially relate to the probability of being employed in either the low or high skill sector or in the goods sector. Our findings can guide future research on the complementarity between skills and production technologies.
Ends;
Virtues — Schemes and manuals
Download in Microsoft Excel format The source of any virtue is God. In Christ all the virtues exist in the highest and perfect degree; moreover, they are indivisible and form a single whole. For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance for us to do.
Eph.2:10) “But the fruit of the Spirit: love, joy, peace, long-suffering, goodness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance. nine0004″ (Gal.5:22-23).
| Virtue | Definition | Priest Scripture | Coupling conditions | Examples | Fruits | Other: degrees, connections, images |
| Vera | Voluntary consent of the human will to the acceptance of God-revealed Truth, trust in God as a Loving Father and His All-Good Providence. nine0012 | Mt.16:24 Mt.21:21-22 Rev.3:20 | Unconditional trust in God. Following Christ’s Commandments. | Forefather Abraham
Apostle Andrew the First-Called Prudent robber First Martyr, Archdeacon Stefan |
All actions are performed in accordance with the will of God and are its fulfillment. Hope is gained in the all-good and wise Providence of God in any circumstances. |
|
| Abstinence | Retention of desires that are not consistent with the will of God.
The Greek word «temperance» means: to keep under control, to control oneself. Often it is translated by the word «self-control» and means «to restrain the ardor, attraction, desires.» nine0005 |
1 Corinthians 6:12 1 Corinthians 9:25 Luke 1:14-16 Mt. 11:11 Gal. 5:24 | The object of abstinence can be: 1) vicious passions and sinful inclinations of human nature and 2) its natural needs and necessary needs.
With the 1st, a merciless struggle is required, and the 2nd must be subdued to the spirit and kept within reasonable limits. |
Righteous John of Kronstadt
Venerable Gerasim of Jordan |
The body must submit to the soul, and the soul to the spirit. nine0012 | The feat of temperance extends in general to everything that impedes a charitable life. From this point of view, abstinence (taken in a broad sense), as a virtue, is ancestral, basic in relation to other virtues. |
| Sacrifice | Virtue, which consists in the desire and willingness to sacrifice oneself, one’s time, strength, means for the sake of fulfilling the commandments of love for God and neighbor, self-denial. nine0012 | Matt.25:40-45 1Cor.10:24 1Cor.13:3 | Christian sacrifice is based not just on a sense of duty, but on love. Nevertheless, the holy fathers teach that even forcing oneself to fulfill the commandments without sympathy of the heart is still useful for us. Because the soul acquires the skill to do good, and over time, the heart can also respond. | Righteous Martha
Righteous John of Kronstadt |
Love as the main treasure of the heart. nine0012
| The highest forms of sacrifice are martyrdom and death in the name of God. |
| Meekness (simplicity, gentleness) | The virtue of meekness consists in a perfect lack of anger and an immovable disposition of the soul, which remains the same in dishonor and praise. | Mt.5:5 Mt.11:29 Jas.3:17 Phil.4:5 Ps.24:9 | Obedience.
Asking for help from God. Self-reproach. |
Patience, non-anger, Possibility in case of insults from a neighbor without embarrassment and sincerely pray for him. | Tolerance of insults and persecution.
The meek, by the power of their will, their patience, tame anger, calm the irritated, and always remain within the limits of self-control. |
|
| Love | (Crown of virtues) the totality of perfections, in origin is a gift of the Holy Spirit, in its essence — both ́ human life, in form — sacrificial service to the object of love — God and His creation. |
Gal.5:22-23 1 John 4:7-16, 20-21 1 John 5:3 Luke 10:27 John 14:23,15:9-17, 6:24 | “If you find that you do not have love, but you desire to have it, then do deeds of love, although at first without love. The Lord will see your desire and effort and put your love in your heart.” Rev. Ambrose of Optina. | Apostle John the Theologian nine0048 Saint Silouan of Athos Righteous Alexy Mechev |
Sacrificial service to God and people.
Vision in the near image of God. (lack of fear). The fruit of any virtue is the multiplication of love. |
Christian love is active and sacrificial. |
| Mercy and Charity | Compassionate attitude towards neighbors, the ability to respond to their needs.
An active manifestation of mercy. nine0005 |
Mt.5:7 Mt.6:3
Mt.19:21 Mt.25:31-40 Mt.26:9 Mark 14:5 Luke 6:36 Luke 10:30-37 Luke 14:13 Luke 16:20 Luke 19:8 John 13:29 Acts 4:34 2 Corinthians 9:6 Ps. |
St. John Chrysostom: “Start to give to the poor, what you don’t need, what you have lying around; then you will be able to give more and even deprive yourself; and, finally, you will be ready to give everything you can.” nine0012 | Righteous Philaret the Merciful
St. Nicholas the Wonderworker Saint John the Merciful |
Mercy is a cure for selfishness.
It ennobles the soul, pacifies the conscience, gives inner peace and joy, strengthens faith. Almsgiving is the queen of virtues, very soon elevating people to the vaults of heaven, the best protector, St. John Chrysostom. |
Showing mercy during life will become intercession on the day of the Last Judgment. nine0012 |
| Prayer | Conversion of a person to God, the Mother of God, Angels or saints of God. | Mt.6:6 Mt.1:35 Mt.7:7 Mt.15:8 Mt.26:39 Luke 6:12 Acts 13:2-3 | Attention, slowness, remembrance of God, fasting, solitude, concentration, silence. Prayer can only be made a necessity through prayer work. |
Saint Mary of Egypt
Saint Gregory Palamas Righteous John of Kronstadt Reverend Seraphim Vyritsky |
(Mother of virtues).
Unceasing memory of God, warmth of the heart, love for God and neighbor. |
Prayer is a barometer of spiritual life.
Three degrees of prayer: oral, noetic, noetic-heart. Prayer is a mirror of spiritual growth. |
| Hope | Hope — confidence in the good outcome of our life, rooted in faith in God, the conviction that despite all darkness and all sin, the light of God’s loving forgiveness descends on us and changes us. nine0048 The main object of Christian hope is eternal salvation. |
Ps. 32:20-22. Romans 8:24-25 Luke 12:22-32 | Hope for the providence of God in any circumstances. | Martyrs Faith, Hope, Love and their mother Sofia
Holy Martyr Empress Alexandra |
She encourages the spirit in temptations, inspires to exploits.
The proud can be humbled by hope, the unclean can be cleansed, the weak can be strengthened, the sinful can be corrected. nine0005 |
Hope is based on faith.
Hope is known only in the sorrow that has befallen. An unexpected event, a sudden loss, an illness of a loved one opens the eyes of a Christian — who he really hoped for. |
| Non-possession | Self-satisfaction with (one) only necessary. | Ps.61:11 Mt.6:25-26, 31-33 Mt.19:23 Luke 12:33-34 John 15:5 | Loving evangelical poverty. nine0012 | Rev. Nil of Sorsk
Blessed Xenia of Petersburg New Priest Martyr Thaddeus of Tver |
Mercy to the poor, contempt for luxury, willingness to give the last. | Passion for profit is expelled from the heart. |
| Repentance | A fundamental change in life: from arbitrarily sinful, proud and self-sufficient to living according to the commandments of God, in love and striving for God. nine0012
| Mt.3:2 Mt.4:17 Mk.6:12. Acts 2:38, 2:21 | Commitment throughout (human) life, (never redundant) | Abba Sisoy the Great
Apostle Peter King and Prophet David |
Seeing one’s sinfulness; the emergence of a desire to serve God and neighbor; temper becomes unfeigned and unhypocritical; sincerity of confession of sins; vision of even subtle sinful thoughts.
Transition to a qualitatively different way of thinking. nine0005 |
The vector of life changes direction from its own «I» to God. |
| Obedience | Obedience is a special relationship between the shepherd and the flock, which is built on deep trust, mutual respect, creativity, humility, prayer, the desire to seek and find the truth of God.
In a broader sense — the coordination of one’s will with the will of God. |
Luke 16; Eph.4:11-12 Gen.22:1-18 Mt.26:39 Jn.6:38 Phil.2:6-8 Acts.4:19 | Cutting off one’s own will (meaning sinful will and pride).
It needs: humility, faith, hope, love, purity of intentions, sacrifice, prudence. A spiritual leader can point out some landmarks, but a person must go from landmark to landmark on his own. |
Isaac at the sacrifice of Abraham
Reverend Simeon of Pskov-Caves Venerable Akaki of Sinai |
The outer order of life is coming.
Humility breeds obedience, and obedience breeds humility. |
The Church creates God’s grace, which is given only to the humble and obedient.
True obedience must be conscious and creative, because it is not a desire to please and formally fulfill someone’s instructions, but to be active, resolute and enterprising, to understand what is needed for the good of the cause. nine0005 Mercury is indicated as an image of obedience, because it descends below all liquid and does not mix with impurity. |
| True | Truth is the pursuit of justice. It is reflected in God’s commandments. Fulfilling the commandments of God, loving your neighbor is the same as doing the truth. |
Proverbs 21:3 Ps.4:6 Ps.10:7 Ps.30:24 Ps.131:9 Mt.5:6 Mt.5:10 Eph.4:25 | For the development of this feeling it is necessary: - to listen more often to the voice of conscience; — follow the commandments of God. nine0012 | St. Nicholas the Wonderworker
Righteous John of Kronstadt Reverend Seraphim of Sarov St. Maxim the Confessor |
The fruit of righteousness is the perfection of virtue; the tree of life grows out of it (St. John Chrysostom).
He who embarks on the path of truth will cling to freedom in every deed (St. Isaac the Syrian). The sign of the fulfillment of all righteousness is joy (St. Theodore the Studite). nine0005 |
Human truth, by analogy with Divine truth, in its highest manifestation should be commensurate with such virtues as wisdom and mercy. |
| Reasoning | Gracious gift of spiritual vision and discernment of the will of God. |
2 Pet. 1:5 Ps. 78:16 Proverbs 2:3-5 | 1. Self-monitoring. inner attention. 2. Avoiding extremes. 3. The formation of one’s own asceticism and the spiritual benefit of others. 4. Reading of the Holy Fathers and Lives of the Saints. 5. Development of reasoning skills. nine0048 Reasoning is impossible for beginners. Therefore, the inexperienced need distrust of themselves and obedience to the spiritual leader. |
Saint John Chrysostom
St. Ambrose of Optina Saint Theophan the Recluse Saints Barsanuphius the Great and John the Prophet |
Enlightened mind. The ability to make the right decision in any circumstances and give soulful advice to one’s neighbor. nine0048 When a person acquires the virtue of reasoning, then he will be protected from the condemnation of others. |
Reasoning is a gift from God, not just intellectual development.
Without reasoning, not a single virtue has a real value in the eyes of God. Rudder and salt are the images of the virtue of reasoning in church writing. nine0005 |
| Jealousy | The strength of the heart of the soul, expressed in a fiery desire for good and hatred for evil, Christian determination to the irrevocable abandonment of sin and the fulfillment of God’s will. | Exod.30:3-5 Ps.36:8 Ps.69:10 Rom.10:2 | It is necessary to transform the unnatural zeal for the temporal and transient, inherent in man from the very beginning, with zeal for the knowledge of God and union with Him. nine0012 | Prophet Jeremiah,
Righteous John of Kronstadt, Reverend Joseph Volotsky New Hieromartyr John of Riga |
Courage, zeal, mental strength and bodily diligence.
With the weakening of jealousy comes lukewarmness. |
Zeal in the spiritual life should not exclude such a virtue as reasoning. Jealousy without reasoning in patristics is called jealousy not according to reason, unreasonable jealousy (Rom. 10:2). |
| Holiness (deification) | The highest degree of communion of the ascetic with divine grace, participation in God. | Lev.11:44 1 Pet.1:15 Mt.5:48 | Saints differ from ordinary people in the decisiveness and determination with which they change their lives after turning to God. | Reverend Seraphim of Sarov
Saint John of Shanghai |
It is not feats that testify to holiness, but god-like qualities. nine0012 | Three degrees: sanctification, enlightenment, perfection. |
| Modesty | Virtue manifested in unwillingness to show one’s merits and merits. | Romans 12:3 | 1. Man’s humble attitude towards himself as God’s creation. 2. Contrition for sins. 3. Bodily labors.
Modesty and humility are clearly born in the soul from the fulfillment of commandments. |
St. Sergius of Radonezh nine0048 Rev. Alexander Svirsky |
A humble person never loses in his life; his talents and dignity are not humiliated by his modesty, on the contrary, they grow even more, wrote Archbishop John Shakhovskoy. Everyone loves the modest; the vain repulse everyone. | Modesty does not mean weakness, but, on the contrary, it emphasizes the strength and valor of the spirit. |
| Humility and humble wisdom | Humility – veneration of oneself as a sinner who has done nothing good before God, humiliation of the spirit, a sober vision of one’s sins. nine0048 Humility is one of the facets of humility, the correct way of thinking of a person about himself and the world around him. |
Mt.26:63 Mt.11:29 John 13:14-15. |
The closer the ascetics come closer to God, the more sinful they see themselves.
There are two humility: to consider oneself below everyone and to ascribe to God one’s exploits (this is the perfect humility of the saints). |
St. Sergius of Radonezh
Andrey, holy fool for Christ’s sake Venerable Agathon the Egyptian |
The goal of the Christian life is deification, and whoever knows God more, humbles himself more.
Only this virtue cannot be imitated by demons. People are divided into the righteous, who consider themselves sinners, and the sinners, who consider themselves righteous. The First Commandment of the Beatitudes speaks of the need for humility. nine0005 |
If love is the pinnacle of the house of virtues, then humility is its foundation. Prudent builders start building a house from the ground, not from the roof.
As salt is to every meal, so is humility to every virtue; it can break the fortress of many sins. For the Christian’s spiritual home, the bricks are virtues, and the mortar is humility. |
| Fear of God | Reverence before God, fear of offending God with a sinful thought or deed, of losing the feeling of the gracious Divine presence. | Ps.33:23 Ps.110:10 Proverbs 1:7 Proverbs 8:13 Jer.32:40 Luke 17:10 | No one can acquire the fear of God until he is freed from all worldly cares; when the mind is careless, then the fear of God moves it and attracts it to love, taught St. Seraphim of Sarov. | Forefather Abraham nine0048 Prophet Moses Prudent robber |
The renunciation of the vanity of the world in the name of love for God leads to the acquisition of the new beginning fear of God, and, in turn, the fear of God begins to lead a person to perfect love, to those seven gifts of the Holy Spirit, which the Scripture tells about. | The fear of God is the basis of other virtues. The fear of God must be distinguished from the panic fear of God. |
| Patience | Endurance of sorrows with thanksgiving to God. |
Sir.2:14 Ps.39:2 Mt.24:13 Lk.21:19 Jas.1:3-4 Heb.10:36 2 Thess.3:5. | Patience is readiness for sorrow and daily expectation of it.
Patience must be exercised before the need, so that when it comes, be fully armed. (Every dishonor must be considered as sent from God as an exercise in overcoming it.) |
Righteous Lot
Righteous Job the Long-suffering Godfathers Joachim and Anna Great Martyr Eustathius Blessed Princess Anna Kashinskaya. |
The patient is free from resentment.
A patient person acquires eternal calmness and preserves peace of mind in any circumstances. |
Patience is developed by bearing sorrows.
Patience is given by God in proportion to humility. The highest degree is to endure insults with joy, even having the opportunity to repel them. nine0005 |
| Sobriety | On the one hand, sobriety is attention to the salvation of the soul in the midst of the sorrows and temptations of the transitory world, opposed to absent-mindedness and laziness. On the other hand, sobriety is a correct (sound) assessment of one’s strengths and one’s spiritual state, based on the knowledge of one’s weakness and hope in Divine grace. |
1 Peter 5:8 Ps. 79:12 1 Cor. 14:16 Mt. 24:45-51 Mt. 26:41 | Saint Ignatius Brianchaninov
Saint Pachomius the Great |
Correcting the heart, we correct the inner sight of our soul.
One acquires freedom from temptations, freedom from self-deception, vision of one’s sins and hope in God, restraint in joy and preservation of prudence in sorrows. |
Spiritual vigilance helps to purify the mind and heart and to acquire other virtues. nine0012 | |
| Diligence | Love for charitable work, desire to work diligently and conscientiously. | Proverbs 11:15 Proverbs 12:14 Proverbs 14:23 Proverbs 16:26 Proverbs 24:27 Proverbs 28:19 Ecc.1:3 Ecc. 3:9 Ecc.6:7 Ecc.10: 15 Sir. 7:15 Wis. 3:15 1 Cor. 4:12 2 Thess. 3:10 2 Tim. 2:6 |
1. Avoidance of idleness. 2. Forcing yourself to work. | Apostle Paul
Reverend Arseniy the Hardworking Reverend Seraphim of Sarov |
“Love work: it, combined with fasting, prayer and vigil, will free you from all defilements. Bodily labor brings purity to the heart; purity of heart is the reason that the soul bears fruit,” taught St. Anthony the Great. | St. Theophan the Recluse wrote that every deed should be taken as given by God, then fussiness, carelessness and carelessness about household and public affairs will go away. |
| Chastity | Perfect subordination of the body to the soul, purity of soul and body.
“According to its etymological composition, the Greek word “chastity” indicates health, integrity, unity and, in general, the normal state of the inner spiritual life of a Christian, the integrity and strength of the personality, the freshness of spiritual forces, the spiritual order of the inner man” (priest Pavel Florensky) |
Num. 6:8 2 Cor. 6:6 1 Tim. 4:12, 5:2 1 Cor. 3:17 Tit. 2:5-6. 1 Thessalonians 4:7 Ps. 139:14 Proverbs 6:25 |
The beginning of chastity is the mind that does not waver from lustful thoughts and dreams. Evasion from voluptuous conversations, bad words, keeping feelings, especially sight, hearing and touch. Body labors. Fasting, prayer. Avoid everything that can put even the slightest stain on the purity of the soul. Chastity is abstinence and overcoming (all) lusts by struggle. | Equal-to-the-Apostles Thekla
Martyr Euphrasia Martyr Pelageya virgin Martyrs Domnina, Virineya and Proskudia Martyr Thomaida Blessed Princess Juliana Vyazemskaya |
Physical and spiritual purity. | According to the definition of St. Gregory of Nyssa, «chastity, together with wisdom and prudence, is a well-organized disposition of all spiritual movements, a harmonious action of all spiritual forces.» |
40:2. 
Whether it be prayer, or fasting, or almsgiving — without reasoning, all this can even turn to harm. 
A sign of the deepest humility, when a person, for the sake of humiliation, in some cases takes on such guilt that he does not have. nine0005 
Download in Word 9 format0011
Read online “Virtue is the true wealth of man.
According to the works of St. Basil the Great» — LitRes
Recommended for publication by the Publishing Council of the Russian Orthodox Church
Foreword
Every believer in earthly life, first of all, tries to take care of the salvation of his soul for eternity. But from a young age, we are all surrounded by temptations and temptations that must be overcome for further spiritual growth. We must firmly remember what Christ told us in the Holy Gospel: narrow is the gate and narrow is the way that leads to life, and few find it (Matthew 7:14). What helps Christians in the difficult task of salvation and growth is the striving for virtues.
According to St. Basil the Great, virtue is “the use of God’s gifts with a good conscience, according to the Lord’s commandment”, and one should not forget that “in order to fulfill all those commandments that are given to us from God, we received from Him and strength.» Therefore, putting aside various doubts, we are called to observe the unspoken law: «Succeed in virtues in order to become closer to the Angels.
» nine0005
This book contains the reflections of St. Basil the Great, one of the most famous fathers of the Church, about the concept of virtues, about their benefits and necessity for every Christian, about the spiritual fruits that they bring to those who work on their acquisition, about the means of true good deeds. This topic has always been and will be relevant for everyone who wholeheartedly strives for spiritual growth and unity with God.
Irina Sanchez
Be a treasure trove of virtues
Use diligence to succeed in the most important virtues and not neglect the lesser ones. Do not neglect any error, even if it is less than any harmful animal [1] , but hasten to correct it by repentance, although many often sin in big and small and remain impenitent. (2, p. 130)
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Perform the deeds of your ministry gracefully and carefully, as one who serves Christ. For it is said: Cursed is everyone who does the works of the Lord in heedlessness (Jer.
48:10). Even though the services entrusted to you seem low, beware of abuse, allowing exaltation and contempt, because God is watching over you. The work of service is great and can bring you the Kingdom of Heaven. This is a network of virtues, which attracts to itself all the commandments of God and, firstly, the most excellent of all virtues — humility, which brings with it a whole swarm of blessings; and then also this: You were hungry, and give Me food;0618 (Mt. 25:35-36), and especially when what is required by the position is fulfilled with a humble opinion of oneself, without arrogance, anger and grumbling. (2, p. 135)
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Wisdom in every virtue in Christ that serves to the glory of God is a good treasure, but vicious wisdom in what is forbidden by the Lord is an evil treasure. From these treasures, according to the Lord’s utterance, each in his deeds and words wears out either «evil» or «good» (see Mt. 12, 35). (1, p. 292)
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God, having created man in the image and likeness of God… gave him the law to help him, appointed angels to protect him and take care of him, sent prophets to denounce vice and teach virtue, thwarted vicious aspirations with threats, aroused zeal for good deeds with promises, repeatedly on different faces, for the admonition of others, he first showed the end of vice and virtue.
(1, p. 159)
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The Son and the Holy Spirit — the Source of holiness, from which every rational creature is sanctified according to its virtue. (1, p. 457)
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The definition of the virtue required by God will be the following: it is the use of God’s gifts with a good conscience according to the commandment of the Lord. (1, p. 157)
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The soul, not carried away by either the care of food or worry about clothes, free from earthly worries, turns all its zeal to the acquisition of eternal blessings, to the fact that chastity grows in it and courage, justice and prudence, as well as other virtues, which, being under these generic virtues, oblige the zealot to perform every deed in life properly. (2, p. 444)
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Do not listen to the flesh, do not pursue carnal goods by all means, that is, health, beauty, enjoyment of pleasures and longevity; respect not money, not glory, not dominion; otherwise consider great that which serves for temporary life, and in taking care of this, do not be negligent about your priority life.
But listen to yourself, that is, to your soul. Adorn her, take care of her, so that by your attentiveness you prevent any impurity imparted to her by vice, cleanse her from any sinful shame, adorn and enlighten her with all the beauty of virtue. Test yourself, who are you; know your nature; know that your body is mortal, but your soul is immortal; that our life is twofold: one, characteristic of the flesh, is fleeting, and the other, akin to the soul, does not allow a limit. Therefore, listen to yourself, do not dwell on the mortal as on the eternal, and do not despise the eternal as transient. Neglect the flesh, because it passes; take care of the soul, the immortal being. With all possible diligence, delve into yourself in order to be able to give something useful to both: the flesh — food and coverings, and the soul — the dogmas of piety, decent education, exercise in virtue, correction of passions, so as not to fatten your body, not to strive for a multitude of flesh. (3, p.
13)
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Exercise in virtue is likened to a ladder, the very ladder that the blessed Jacob once saw, one part of which was close to the earth and touched it, and the other stretched even higher than Heaven itself. Therefore, those who enter into a virtuous life must first establish their feet on the first steps and from them constantly ascend higher and higher, until, finally, through gradual advancement, they ascend to the height possible for human nature. Therefore, just as the initial ascent of the ladder is a departure from the earth, so in a life according to God, the removal from evil is the beginning of progress. (4, pp. 3–4)
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Those who worked on the study of the doctrine of virtue said that some virtues are formed from speculation, while others are not speculative; Thus, prudence is formed from speculations when reasoning about good and evil, chastity — from speculations about what should be chosen and what to avoid, justice — from speculations about what is digestible and undigestible, courage — from speculations about the terrible and not fearful.
But beauty and strength are non-contemplative virtues, following those from speculation, for some of the wise found beauty in the proportion and harmony of mental speculation, and strength was seen in the final product of what is posited in us by the speculative virtues. nine0005
However, in order to have beauty in the soul and the strength to do what is due, for this we need God’s grace. (4, pp. 27–28)
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We have natural virtues with which the soul has an affinity not by human learning, but by nature itself. No science teaches us to hate illness, but we ourselves have an aversion to everything that causes sorrow to us, and in the soul there is some kind of deviation from evil acquired not by teaching. Every evil is a mental illness, and virtue corresponds to health. Well, some have defined health as the improvement of natural activities. Whoever says the same about the well-being of the soul will not sin against decency. Therefore, the soul, even without learning, desires what is proper to it and in accordance with its nature.
For this reason, chastity is praiseworthy for everyone, justice is commendable, courage is amazing, prudence is desirable. These virtues are more characteristic of the soul than health of the body. (1, p. 289)
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In the case of a zealot of virtue, although something difficult will come, it will not overshadow this joy; because patience does sorrow, but patience is an art, and hope is an art: but hope does not put to shame (Rom. 5:3-5). Therefore, the same apostle in another place commands us to be patient in tribulation and rejoice in hope (Rom. 12:12). So hope makes joy dwell in the soul of the virtuous. (3, p. 19)
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If there is virtue in the soul, if it is full of good deeds, if it is close to God, then it has many blessings , and let him have fun with wonderful spiritual fun. (3, p. 33)
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Acquisition of virtue and enrichment by good deeds is commendable covetousness, theft that does not lead to tears, insatiability worthy of a crown; and guilty is he who does not commit such violence.
(2, p. 353)
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Show some patience in adversity, like the courageous Job, do not give in to excitement and do not throw into the sea if you are carrying any load of virtue with you. Keep gratitude in your soul as a precious deposit, and for gratitude you will receive pure pleasure. (3, p. 46)
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In truly meek people, who do not have a hard temper, there is no less goodness, because goodness is the basis of meekness. All this, mutually mixed and copulated together, produces from itself the best of virtues — love. (2, p. 349)
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However, it is necessary to know that although this (love) is one virtue, nevertheless, by its power it puts into action and encompasses [2] every commandment. For «he loves me,» says the Lord,0617 who has My commandments and keeps them (John 14:21). And again: on these two commandments the whole law and the prophets are established (Mt. 22:40). (1, p. 156)
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With diligence it is necessary to put into practice every word and every deed entrusted to us by duty and, according to the apostolic commandment, not a single stumbling-block in anything (2 Cor.
6 , 3). For for a person who has worked hard in the study of sciences, held positions of authority over peoples and cities, and competes with the great valor of his ancestors, I consider it proper to show in his life a model of virtue. (2, p. 486)
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Be a faithful treasury of virtues, and have the tongue of your spiritual father as the key. Let him open your mouth to receive bread, let him close. Do not take the serpent as your adviser, who, instead of the key [3] , wants to catch you with advice to try something, even if only with his tongue. (2, p. 133)
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Since the wise Solomon said: the time of every thing (Eccl. 3, 1), it is necessary to know that there is also a time for humility of wisdom, and power, and chastisement, and persuasion, and mercy, and boldness, and indulgence, and severity, and, in general, every business. Therefore, sometimes one should show humility and imitate children in humility, especially when there is an opportunity to render honor and duty to each other, to serve or help someone’s bodily needs, as the Lord taught.
