The Elder Scrolls: Blades for Switch Reviews
Switch
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Publisher:
Bethesda Softworks
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Release Date:
May 14, 2020 -
Also On:
iPhone/iPad
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Summary
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Critic Reviews
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User Reviews
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Details & Credits
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Trailers & Videos
Metascore
42
Generally unfavorable reviews
—
based on
13
Critic Reviews
What’s this?
User Score
2. 5
Generally unfavorable reviews- based on 69 Ratings
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Summary:
A classic dungeon crawler reimagined.
• Experience dungeon adventures.
• Create and customize your city, restoring it to greatness.
• Conquer your rivals in epic one-on-one Arena battles.
• Create any character you want and discover unique weapons, armor, and abilities.
• Master theA classic dungeon crawler reimagined.• Experience dungeon adventures.
• Create and customize your city, restoring it to greatness.
• Conquer your rivals in epic one-on-one Arena battles.
• Create any character you want and discover unique weapons, armor, and abilities.
• Master the never-ending Abyss with a cutting-edge combat system.The Elder Scrolls: Blades enables cross-play so you can battle your friends on other platforms. You can also use cross-save to maintain your progression across multiple devices.
Start a new character, or continue your previous journey, today.… Expand
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Developer:
Bethesda Game Studios
- Genre(s): Role-Playing, Western-Style
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# of players:
Online Multiplayer -
Cheats:
On GameFAQs -
Rating:
T - More Details and Credits »
Score distribution:
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Positive:
0
out of 13 -
Mixed:
7
out of 13 -
Negative:
6
out of 13
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The Elder Scrolls: Blades is a simple dungeon crawler, with a nice progression system but repetitive gameplay during expeditions, that represent the core of the experience. The game’s got lots of microtransactions since it’s a free-to-play title, but the graphics are pretty outdated and there are no motion controls on Nintendo Switch.
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The most interesting feature is, in fact, the cross save that allows you to play indifferently on Switch or mobile devices.
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Blades is a free to play dungeon crawler set in the Elder Scrolls universe, with some interesting ideas, but repetitive, even boring, levels and poor combat mechanics.
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I don’t hate The Elder Scrolls: Blades, at least conceptually. Bethesda’s lightweight F2P Elder Scrolls game has all the hallmarks of the franchise but delivers them all in such a hollow way that it loses everything that makes the franchise beloved. You might find some enjoyment in the game, as I have done, but you will inevitably become weary of the dungeons, frustrated with the timers, and on Nintendo Switch, you will find the performance to be at times unbearable. Fans of The Elder Scrolls deserve better than this, but it’s all they will get until The Elder Scrolls VI launches years from now.
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Blades doesn’t live up to the expectations players have for this franchise. It has some interesting features, but its gameplay and an old-fashioned free-to-play design make it very forgettable.
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The Elder Scrolls: Blades is a simple case of a mediocre game on mobile just not holding up on an actual console. Concessions made for mobile play just don’t make sense here. Not to mention when blown up to a TV or even the modest size of the Switch’s screen, Blades is pretty ugly. It’s a downright joke when compared to the actual full Elder Scrolls game already available on the platform. Unlike other Bethesda mobile offerings like Fallout Shelter, Blades is a simplification of a complex game rather than a game built with mobile limitations in mind. When you take away the reason for those limitations, you’re left with an ugly mess of a game with nothing to justify its own existence.
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This game is a creatively broken, anti-intellectual insult. Bethesda spat in our faces and, because saliva is a kind of «content,» figured that it could monetise it. Sadly, the success that Blades has seen on mobile — and will no doubt translate to success on the Switch as well — just goes to show that when it comes down to it, consumers actually like being spat on, because it means that they are getting content.
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See all 13 Critic Reviews
Write a Review
Score distribution:
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Positive:
2
out of 27 -
Mixed:
6
out of 27 -
Negative:
19
out of 27
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I am an FTP player and cannot stop loving this game. I chose an Argonian and opt to never show the helmet. The weapon drops scale really well,I am an FTP player and cannot stop loving this game. I chose an Argonian and opt to never show the helmet. The weapon drops scale really well, it’s easy to gather the materials I need, and the enemy AI gets more and more challenging as my own combat skill and armor ratings increase. I love the setting of the elder scrolls games and the various ways to decorate the town. The town improvements remind me of Assasins Creed Brotherhood. The game is highly repetitive and the camera movement is a bit harsh to the senses and can induce nausea. Even with those critiques my satisfaction with this game as a nice escape and something that really feels like I can see my progress in is perfect. My town of Winterfell grows more beautiful by the day.… Expand
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1
of
5
users found this helpful
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For a free to play game it’s actually quite addicting. If this wasn’t a Bethesda game and an extension to such a popular franchise I think itFor a free to play game it’s actually quite addicting. If this wasn’t a Bethesda game and an extension to such a popular franchise I think it would actually be well received.
Having said that, for this to be released with such enthusiasm when everyone is waiting for the next Skyim…well…it’s a choice. Hopefully they can gain customer confidence back but what a misstep.… Expand
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2
of
6
users found this helpful
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It’s mediocre, but I find myself coming back to it to pass time, so I guess that says something. I doubt I’ll ever see everything due toIt’s mediocre, but I find myself coming back to it to pass time, so I guess that says something. I doubt I’ll ever see everything due to paywalls/wait periods — or maybe I have? In the few hours I’ve played, I’ve seen the same map layouts multiple times. Lots of bugs.… Expand
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0
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3
users found this helpful
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so first what kind of fighting system is this it is so annoying there is no good design there is no open world is doesnt like a rpg game itsso first what kind of fighting system is this it is so annoying there is no good design there is no open world is doesnt like a rpg game its not like a elder scrolls a **** game that have a bad loot system is too… Expand
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2
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3
users found this helpful
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It’s just bad, there’s nothing redeemable about this. This «game» is the worst bull**** I have ever played. It’s boring uninspired, hasIt’s just bad, there’s nothing redeemable about this. This «game» is the worst bull**** I have ever played. It’s boring uninspired, has extremely bad graphics, literally zero fun factor, a terrible combat system and loot system, bad voice acting. Everything is bad, it doesn’t feel like an Elder Scrolls game at all. Bethesda should be ashamed of themselves. Nobody should be tortured by this worthless garbage, full of glitches and paywalls. The quality of Bethesda’s products is going down.… Expand
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0
of
0
users found this helpful
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Trash, like everything Bethesda does now a days. 75 words needed to post!!!
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1
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4
users found this helpful
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Having not played it before, I downloaded this «game» on Switch for a laugh and thought, eh, it is free so why not? I was bored out of my mindHaving not played it before, I downloaded this «game» on Switch for a laugh and thought, eh, it is free so why not? I was bored out of my mind within 10 minutes. Everything in this «game» is done with so much blatant cynicism that it’s mindblowing. Everything from the bland environments, the dull voice acting, characters that exist only as quest dispensers and nothing else, the total lack of an atmosphere at all while it is filled to the brim with microtransactions that they remind of you of every 2 minutes. Oh you just got done doing one of our completely worthless quests that had no thought put into it whatsoever? Here, now please give us money for some loot boxes. Don’t worry, we’ll ask again, and again, and again, and again. SO FUN.
Bethesda has earned my sincere hatred and that is sad for me, as I loved Oblivion and Skyrim despite their problems. I could wander in those games for hours just taking in the world. Blades only cares about the money in my wallet and is hoping, begging, pleading the entire time that I throw money at it at all times for its barely even bare minimum effort. No thank you.… Expand
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5
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7
users found this helpful
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See all 27 User Reviews
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The Elder Scrolls: Blades Review
Jhonatan Carneiro
Spin-offs can work as a great opportunity to play around with the franchise’s main icons, to explore different gameplay genres, or even to expand on an unexplored narrative aspect. They also can be easy money-grabs for publishers, where they can invest less money for a higher return. The Elder Scrolls: Blades is an epitome of both ends, as it could expand its franchise in a promising way, if it wasn’t for the huge paywall on the way.
Explore dungeons in this ‘light’ version of The Elder Scrolls.
As a spin-off of the renowned The Elder Scrolls series, Blades inherits many of the elements from the iconic RPG franchise. Similar to its most recent iteration, Skyrim, this is also a first-person RPG where you customise and control an inhabitant of the fantastic world of Tamriel. You’ll level up your character, unlock different spells, perks, and skills, whilst also equipping a wide plethora of weapons, armour, and trinkets. However, RPG elements aside, this is a much more ‘light’ version of The Elder Scrolls and comes with a very distinct structure. Instead of an expansive open-world to explore, in Blades, you’ll go out on short incursions into procedurally-generated dungeons.
Before and after going into one of these dungeons, you’ll be walking into your own town. In the beginning, the place will be in rubbles, as is it up to you to reconstruct it to your liking. This is helpful in many ways because you can unlock different useful buildings, such as a smithy and an alchemy lab. Also, as you complete different quests and improve your town, new NPCs will join you, unlocking even further improvements. In order to do that, though, you’ll need gold and many different resources (wood, iron, stone, and much more), and it is one of the main reasons for Blade to become a grind-feast.
Play a real-world waiting game while rebuilding your town.
Before coming to the Switch, Blades was a mobile game. While many changes were made on the gameplay department, this free-to-play title keeps the same predatory paywalls seen on its mobile counterpart. Depending on your play-style, you may be able to enjoy Blades without spending a cent. However, you’ll need patience on certain progress elements. Building something new in your town, for instance, takes real-world time, which isn’t a problem per se. The problem is that after a while, you’ll have to wait days for any new improvement – or spend currency to speed things up. Certain quests and rarer equipment are also tied to time-constrains and/or paywalls, to a point that the game seems to demand you to start spending real money.
When it comes to the actual gameplay, the Switch version of Blades has some highs and lows. The controls are well-adapted, and you can even use the Joy-con’s movement options mid-combat. Despite the simplicity, dungeon exploration and combat feel akin to a main The Elder Scrolls title. However, Blades has some serious performance issues on Switch. Graphic fidelity isn’t as sharp as you can expect, and you’ll encounter drops in frame-rate while exploring most dungeons. Unfortunately, this is frequent enough to hurt the experience a little.
Mix combos, spells, and skills in engaging combat.
Another problem of Blades lies on the fact that this is an always-online title. There is no option to play it offline, which defeats the purpose of playing it on-the-go. In addition, getting disconnected while playing can result in progress lost. When you consider all these elements Blades feels much more like a slot-machine than an actual spin-off of The Elder Scrolls.
The Elder Scrolls: Blades
£0.00
Summary
On paper, The Elder Scrolls: Blades proposes to deliver a light version of the seminal The Elder Scrolls RPG experience. Despite providing some solid gameplay mechanics, it is plagued by poor performance, an always-online limitation, and predatory microtransactions.
Reviews Adventure, Bethesda Game Studios, Bethesda Softworks, Eshop, eShop Exclusive, Free to Play, Role-Playing, RPG, The Elder Scrolls: Blades
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Equipment for installations up to 1000 V
Page 20 of 40
4-4. EQUIPMENT FOR INSTALLATIONS UP TO 1000 V
a) Fuses
Fuses are designed to protect the installation from overload and short circuit. Their main element is a fusible link included in the cut of the protected circuit. The combustion of the fusible link leads to the disconnection of the damaged element. Fusible inserts are made of copper, zinc and silver. To facilitate the extinguishing of the arc, fusible links are made of a number of parallel wires of small cross section or copper foil, which reduces the amount of metal vapor in the arc that occurs during the combustion of the insert. nine0009 In installations up to 1000 V, tubular and threaded fuses are used. An example of a tubular fuse is the type PN-2 (Fig. 4-3). In the porcelain case there are tape copper inserts 2 with several slots, in the narrowed places of which tin balls are applied to reduce the melting temperature. Fusible inserts are welded to the disks 4, the tube is filled with
Fig. 4-3 Fuse PN-2.
1 — porcelain case; 2 — copper tape insert; 3 — quartz sand; 4 — contact disks; 5 — knife contact. nine0003
In the porcelain case there are 2 tape copper inserts with several slots, in the narrowed places of which tin balls are applied to reduce the melting temperature. Fusible inserts are welded to disks 4, the tube is filled with quartz sand and hermetically sealed with lids. The fuse is connected to the network using knife contacts 5. In the event of a short circuit, the fusible link burns out, an arc occurs in a narrow channel between quartz sand grains. Quartz sand has a high thermal conductivity, so the arc space cools and the arc goes out in thousandths of a second. As a result, the circuit breaks before the current short circuit. reaches its maximum value. Such fuses are current-limiting, which is typical for all quartz-filled fuses. Maximum interrupted current short circuit for fuses type PN-2 reaches 50,000 A.
is cleaned with quartz sand and hermetically sealed with lids. The fuse is connected to the network using knife contacts 5. In the event of a short circuit, the fusible link burns out, an arc occurs in a narrow channel between quartz sand grains. Quartz sand has a high thermal conductivity, so the arc space cools and the arc goes out in thousandths of a second. As a result, the circuit breaks before the current short circuit. reaches its maximum value. Such fuses are current-limiting, which is typical for all quartz-filled fuses. Maximum interrupted current short circuit for fuses type PN-2 reaches 50,000 A.
A tubular fuse of the PR-2 type is widely used, having a closed fiber tube and a zinc insert. The extinguishing of the arc that occurred during the melting of the insert occurs due to the release of gas from the fiber; in this case the pressure in the tube reaches 40-80 kgf/cm 2 (4-8 MPa).
In complete boards, small-sized threaded fuses of the PRS type are used, consisting of a plastic case with a threaded head, inside which there is a fusible insert in a special cylinder filled with quartz sand. The fusible insert has a control peephole, which signals the operation of the fuses. nine0009
The choice of the fuse is made in such a way that it does not overheat during a long passage of the rated current and does not turn off the installation with permissible overloads. If a fuse is installed in the motor circuit, then it should not work at start-up, when the current reaches 5-7 times the nominal value. Considering that the start-up lasts only 1-3 s, it is enough to select a fuse-link for a current 2-3 times greater than the nominal one. A fuse with such an insert will cut off the circuit during a short circuit, but will not protect the installation from overload. This is a significant disadvantage of fuses. More sensitive protection is provided by machine guns. nine0003
Knife switches and switches
Knife switches are designed for manual switching on and off of circuits in installations up to 1000 V. By design, one-, two- and three-pole knife switches with a central, side handle and lever drive are distinguished.
Fig. 4-4. Knife switch with lever drive.
1 — fixed contact; 2 — arc chute; 3 — knife; 4 — hinged rack; 5 — drive rod.
In auxiliary installations, lever operated knife switches of the RPC type are most widely used (Fig. 4-4). Movable contact — knife 3 rotates in a hinged rack 4, creating a gap with a fixed contact 1. Some switches are equipped with an arc chute, which facilitates the process of extinguishing the arc that occurs between the knife and the fixed contact when the current is turned off. Such switches can cut off the rated current in 380 V installations and 50% of the rated current in 500 V installations. The knives of all poles are connected by an insulating roller, the movement of which is transmitted from the linkage of the lever drive. The drive handle is mounted on the front side of the cabinet, and the contact part is inside the cabinet, so the operations with the knife switch are safe for personnel. nine0009 Knife switches that do not have arc chutes or special breaking contacts (P, RO, RPO series) are allowed to turn off only de-energized circuits. Such knife switches provide a visible break during repair and adjustment work.
The switches are structurally similar to knife switches, but unlike them, they have two systems of fixed contacts and are designed to change the connection schemes of various circuits.
c) Automatic air circuit breakers [automatic]
Automata are used for automatic disconnection of power electrical circuits in emergency modes and for rare switching on and off of circuits in normal mode.
Depending on the emergency mode in which the circuit should be turned off, there are automatic machines for maximum current, minimum voltage and reverse current or reverse power.
In the maximum current machine (Fig. 4-5, a), an electromagnet coil 4 is included in the cut of the main circuit. In normal mode, the machine is held in the on position by latch 1. When the current in the circuit increases, the core of the electromagnet, overcoming the tension of spring 2, attracts armature 3, latch 1, rising, releases lever 5, and the machine opens the contacts under the action of spring 6. Coil 4, called an electromagnetic release, provides a quick disconnection of the damaged circuit within 0.008-0.15 s. The tripping current, i.e. the current at which the machine must turn off the circuit, is regulated by the number of turns in the coil 4 or the tension of the spring 2.
To create a time delay between the electromagnet and the opening mechanism, a clock mechanism is installed. In such machines, the time delay does not depend on the fault current. In automatic machines for currents up to 63 A, thermal releases are used, which have a time delay that depends on the current — the greater the overload current, the shorter the time delay. The main element of the release is a thermobimetal plate, which, when heated, bends and releases the latch of the machine. More advanced machines (series A3700, E) have a control unit on semiconductor devices, which provides protection against overloads with a current-dependent time delay. nine0009
Fig. 4-5. Explanatory diagrams of automata.
a — maximum current; b — minimum voltage; c — reverse power.
The electromagnetic release of such machines provides protection against short-circuit currents. with a response time of 0.001-0.004 s.
The undervoltage circuit breaker is designed to turn off the circuit in case of an unacceptable decrease or complete loss of voltage. In normal mode, the machine is held through the auxiliary contact of the BC of the machine in the on position by an electromagnet 5 (Fig. 4-5, b), to which the armature 4 is attached. When the voltage disappears or decreases, the spring 3 releases the latch 2 and the machine is turned off under the action of the disconnecting spring 1 The actuation voltage is regulated by the number of turns in the electromagnet coil 5 or by the tension of the spring 3.
Universal circuit breakers have combined protection with instantaneous electromagnetic releases, time-delayed overcurrent releases and undervoltage releases (AM series).
Automatic reverse power (reverse current) is designed to turn off the circuit when changing the direction of power (current). Such machines are installed in circuits that provide for parallel operation of the battery and DC generators (Fig. 4-5, c). The voltage windings 1 and current 2 create the ppm that holds the latch armature in the normal mode in the attracted state. When changing the direction of the current in the winding 2 ppm. decreases sharply, the latch under the action of spring 3 releases the contact system and the machine turns off. nine0009 In installations up to 1000 V, automatic machines of various designs and purposes are used. The most widely used automatic machines of the ABM, AM, A-3700, E series.
Pic. 4-6. The main components of the machine.
1 — arcing contacts; 2 — main contacts; 3 — contact lever with an opening spring; 4 — bimetallic release with a heater; 5 — electromagnetic overcurrent release; 6 — undervoltage release, 7 — independent release; 8 — electromagnetic drive; nine— the handle of manual inclusion; 10 — levers of the free release mechanism.
4-6 show the main components of the machine. All machines are characterized by the presence of main and arcing contacts. The main contacts have a low contact resistance, for which in some machines they are lined with an alloy of silver and nickel. Such contacts, without overheating, pass the rated current for a long time. Arcing contacts are connected in parallel with the main ones, between which an arc occurs when the machine is turned off. To extinguish the arc, a special chamber is provided — a deion grating made of steel plates or a labyrinth-slot chamber made of arc-resistant material. In the first case, when the arc moves under the action of electrodynamic forces, the long arc is divided into a number of short arcs burning between the steel plates. Due to cooling and the formation of near-cathode strength in each short arc, the arc quickly dies out. In the second case, when moving, the arc enters a narrow gap between the ceramic plates, cools down on contact with them and goes out. nine0009 The switching on of the automatic machines can be carried out manually, i.e. non-automatically, or by an electromagnetic and electric motor drive. In maximum current circuit breakers, the drive is equipped with a free trip mechanism, which does not allow the contacts to be kept in the closed position for a long time when the circuit breaker is turned on for an existing short circuit.
d) Contactors. Magnetic starters
Contactors are designed for frequent remote switching on and off of electrical circuits. The closing of the contactor contacts is most often carried out using an electromagnet, the coil of which is connected to the main network or is powered by an external source (Fig. 4-7). nine0009 When the Start button is pressed, voltage is supplied to the coil 7, to the core of which the armature 6 is attracted. Together with the armature, the movable contact 4 moves, closing the power supply circuit of the motor from the mains. In the on position, the contactor is held by a coil, the power to which is supplied from the control circuits through closed auxiliary contacts BK.
To turn off the contactor, it is necessary to break the power supply circuit of the coil by pressing the Stop button. The arc that occurs when the power contacts are opened, by the action of the magnetic blast coil 1, is drawn into the arc chute 3, where it goes out. nine0009 The contactor in automation circuits is combined with special relays that close and open the circuit of the electromagnet coil.
Fig. 4-7. Conditional diagram of the contactor.
a — structural diagram; b — electrical circuit of a single-pole contactor; 1 — magnetic blast coil; 2 — fixed contact; 3 — arc chute; 4 — moving contact; 5 — spring; 6 — anchor; 7 — coil with a core.
Fig. 4-8. Scheme of a magnetic starter.
To control electric motors of three-phase current up to 75 kW, magnetic starters of the PA series are widely used, consisting of a three-pole contactor, thermal relays and auxiliary contacts. The switching circuit of the magnetic starter is shown in fig. 4-8. When the Start button is pressed, power is supplied to the contactor coil K through the closed contacts of the thermal relays TRP1, TRP2 and the Stop button. The armature of the electromagnet is attracted, closing the linear contacts L and auxiliary contacts BK, which bypass the Start button. When the electric motor is overloaded, both or one thermal relay is activated, the circuit of the coil K is opened by the contacts TRP1 or TRP2 and the engine is turned off. When the Stop button is pressed, the contactor coil circuit is also broken, and contacts L open. To protect the engine from short circuit. fuses P. 9 are included in the circuit0003
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Rectified switchgears | Traction substations of urban transport
Page 66 of 87
§ 113. Rectified current switchgear diagrams
In fig. 113-1, and a diagram of a DC switchgear of a single-unit auto-remote-controlled substation operating in a decentralized power system is presented. With such a power supply system, sectional insulators 7 on the contact network are installed at traction substations and only two supply 6 and two suction 8 lines depart from the DC buses. nine0009
A single-unit substation does not have backup equipment and, if necessary, is completely unloaded through the contact network. To maintain the mode of parallel operation of two adjacent substations, a sectional switch is provided, which is switched on when this substation fails.
Since the sectionalizer is installed on the current division between two adjacent substations, its setting is much lower than that of linear switches. This provides protection against remote short-circuit currents. nine0009
The substation provides two negative cables of the suction line 8, operating in parallel.
One- and two-unit substations of small capacities (up to 1200-2000 kW) with three or four supply lines require redundancy of supply line switches. The simplest type of redundancy can be a bypass controlled disconnector 11 between adjacent supply lines (Fig. 113-1, b).
Failure or repair of any circuit breaker leads to the fact that two supply lines are connected to the adjacent circuit breaker. To eliminate frequent trips of the switch supplying the dual line, the current setting of this switch is increased. nine0009 In order to simplify the design and layout of the switchgear, the supply line switches are equipped with a plug connector 10, which allows the switch to be pulled out of the cell during repairs.
The negative bus 13 of the substation is connected to the output of the transformer through a disconnector. This disconnector is necessary for safety reasons, since even at tram traction substations, due to the voltage drop in the suction cables, the negative bus can have a potential of up to 40 V with respect to the ground. nine0009
Fig. 113-1. DC switchgear options:
a — a single-unit substation with a silicon rectifier with two supply lines; b — one- or two-unit substation with 3-4 low power supply lines; c — single-unit substation with a bypass switch; d — multi-unit substation with collapsible mercury rectifiers with redundant DC switches: 1 — main transformer; 2 — rectifier; 3 — cathode controlled disconnector; 4 — linear switch; 5 — line disconnector; 6 — power cable; 7 — sectional insulator of the contact network; 8 — suction cable; nine- positive busbar; 10 — contact of the plug connector; 11 — bypass controlled disconnector; 12 — ballast resistance of the suction line; 13 — negative busbar; 14 — bypass switch; 15 — cathode switch; 16 — bus disconnector; 17 — spare tire; 18 — spare switch; 19 — spare tire switch; 20 — molding rheostat
Suction lines equipped with disconnectors depart from the negative bus of the substation. If the substation feeds a tram with suction cables of different lengths or different cross-sections, rheostats 12 are included in the circuit of cables with lower resistance to equalize the load between the suction cables and to reduce stray currents. control wires to cable outlets, to rails. nine0009
On fig. 113-1,c shows a diagram of a single-unit substation with a bypass switch 14. A group of such substations (P-1, P-2, P-3) installed along the route provides decentralized power supply. With closed inter-substation sectional insulators of the contact network, a reliable two-way power supply of the contact network is provided.
If any of the substations, for example, substation P-2, fails, the bypass switch 14 of this substation closes and two adjacent substations P-1 and P-3 will provide two-way power to the section of the contact network of substation P-2. The bypass switch of this substation serves two purposes: it provides two-way power, disconnects remote short-circuit currents. If, for example, a short circuit occurs at point K, then the linear switch of the P-3 substation can have this short circuit current. not trip due to the fact that the setting of the line breaker will typically be higher than the remote fault current. Current short circuit in this case, it is turned off by the bypass switch 14 with a low current setting. nine0009
However, the implementation of such a fairly reliable and rational power supply scheme encounters some difficulties with purely trolleybus substations. The fact is that the negative buses of each substation must be grounded, and in this case, harmful stray currents (Ibl) are possible. For example, concentrated load is distributed at substations P-2 and P-3 with currents I2 and I3. In this case, part of the current I3 through the buses of the substation P-3 and the ground loop through the ground will flow to the substation P-2.
In accordance with the design standards for contact networks *, grounding is allowed through a contact wire, i. e., only at one of the traction substations, but this cannot be done due to the PUE, which require grounding of the secondary windings of transformers to the ground loop of the substations.
* Norms and specifications for the design of tram and trolleybus contact networks. CH27 — 58. State publishing house of literature on construction, architecture and building materials. M., 1958.
Fig. 113-2. Scheme of switching on the polarity switch in the circuit of supply and suction lines: 1 — bus disconnector; 2 — linear switch; 3 — polarity switch; 4 and 5 — supply and suction cables
In fig. 113-1, a shows a diagram of a switchgear of a multi-unit substation with mercury collapsible rectifiers. All line switches in this case are backed up by one spare switch 18.
When repairing or revising a line switch, the corresponding supply line 6 is switched by a spare bus switch 19connects to spare bus 17, which is powered by the main bus through a spare switch. If the number of supply lines at the substation is more than ten, two spare switches are provided, and the spare bus is sectioned.
Forming devices were installed at substations equipped with collapsible mercury rectifiers. When forming a mercury rectifier through special cables, the unit is connected to a liquid rheostat 20.
The supply and suction cables are usually chosen the same, but since the negative bus of the substation has a small potential difference with respect to earth, the suction cables may have reduced insulation. nine0003
In operation, this circumstance is sometimes used. If the insulation of the supply cable has deteriorated, then it is used as a suction cable, and a suction cable as a supply cable. At the substation, polarity switch 3 is used for this (Fig. 113-2). On the same fig. 113-2 shows a variant of switching the line power to a spare bus using disconnectors.
In addition to the switchgear options discussed above, there are others that are used in some specific conditions. Such special circuits include: a power supply circuit for two rectifiers from one transformer, a network power supply circuit using a three-wire system, a network power supply circuit at a voltage of 1200/600 V (see § 103). nine0003
Power supply schemes for two rectifiers from one transformer provide for the presence of anode dividers and two sets of six-pole anode switches (Fig. 114-1).
When two rectifiers are operating, the blades of both sets of anode switches are in position a. When one of the rectifiers is turned off, its cathode disconnector is turned off, and the anode switch knives take position b. In this case, the windings of the anode dividers are short-circuited. This prevents the heating of the iron of the anode dividers, the occurrence of overvoltage at the winding terminals and reduces the reactivity in the anode circuit of the operating rectifier. nine0009
Fig. 114-1. Scheme d power supply of two rectifiers from one transformer
Fig. 114-2. Traction network power supply scheme for a three-wire system
It should be noted that the short-circuit current. of each of the rectifiers in this case will be determined by the power of the common transformer.
Three-wire power schemes require at least two working and one standby rectifiers in the substation and necessitate on/off switches for units and feed lines (fig.